yahova kaun hai?
shastra se javab
bible mein likha hai ki yahova sachcha parmeshvar hai aur usi ne saari cheezen rachi hain. (prakashitvakya 4:11) bhavishyavakta abraham, moosa aur yeeshu bhi yahova ki upasna karte the. (utpatti 24:27; nirgaman 15:1, 2; yuhanna 20:17) yahova sirf ek raashtra ka parmeshvar nahin hai, balki woh ‘saari prithvi ka maharaja hai.’—bhajan 47:2.
bible mein bataya gaya hai ki parmeshvar ka apna ek naam hai, yahova. (nirgaman 3:15; bhajan 83:18) ibrani bhasha mein yahova naam ek kriya se nikla hai jiska matlab hai “banna.” kai vidvanon ka maanna hai ki parmeshvar ke naam ka matlab hai, “woh banne ka kaaran hota hai.” yah naam yahova par bilkul theek baithta hai, kyonki woh sab cheezon ka bananevala hai aur apne maksadon ko poora karnevala parmeshvar hai. (yashayah 55:10, 11) bible mein bataya gaya hai ki yahova kaisa parmeshvar hai aur usmein kaun-kaun-se gun hain. ismein yah bhi bataya gaya hai ki uska sabse khaas gun hai pyar.—nirgaman 34:5-7; luka 6:35; 1 yuhanna 4:8.
parmeshvar ka naam ibrani bhasha mein in chaar aksharon יהוה (y-h-w-h) se likha jaata hai. purane zamane mein ibrani bhasha mein parmeshvar ke naam ka uchcharan kis tarah kiya jaata tha, yah aaj hum nahin jaante. lekin hindi mein parmeshvar ke naam ka uchcharan hai, “yahova.” kai hindi bibalon mein yahova naam paaya jaata hai, jaise hindi—o.v. bible mein. angrezee bhasha mein parmeshvar ka naam hai, “jehovah.” pehli baar angrezee mein parmeshvar ka naam william tyndale ki bible mein paaya gaya tha, jo 1530 mein chhaapi gayi thi. *
purane zamane mein ibrani bhasha mein parmeshvar ke naam ka sahi uchcharan kya tha, yah aaj hum kyon nahin jaante?
pracheen ibrani bhasha likhte vakt sirf vyanjan likhe jaate the, ismein swar nahin jode jaate the. lekin logon ko pata hota tha ki padhte vakt unhein kis shabd mein kaun-saa swar lagana hai. magar ibrani shastra yaani “purane niyam” ke likhe jaane ke baad yahoodiyon mein yah andhvishvas fail gaya ki parmeshvar ka naam zabaan par laana galat hai. isliye jab bhi woh koi aisi aayat padhte jismein parmeshvar ka naam likha ho, to woh us naam ko lene ke bajay “parmeshvar” ya “prabhu” kehte. samay ke chalte yah andhvishvas itna fail gaya ki ek vakt aisa aaya ki log parmeshvar ke naam ka sahi uchcharan bhool gaye. *
kuch vidvanon ko lagta hai ki parmeshvar ke naam ka sahi uchcharan “yaahve” hai, jabki doosre kuch aur uchcharan batate hain. mrit saagar ke paas laivyavyavastha ki kitab ka ek chhota-saa hissa mila jo yoonani mein likha gaya tha. usmein parmeshvar ka naam yaao likha gaya tha. purane zamane ke kuch yoonani lekhkon ka kehna tha ki parmeshvar ke naam ka uchcharan yaaye, yaabe ya yaaoove bhi ho sakta tha. lekin hum daave ke saath nahin keh sakte ki pracheen ibrani bhasha mein parmeshvar ka naam theek kis tarah pukara jaata tha. *
parmeshvar ke naam ke baare mein kuch galatfehmiyaan
galatfehmi: bible ka anuvad karte vakt “yahova” naam jod diya gaya.
sachchai: ibrani bhasha mein parmeshvar ka naam (y-h-w-h) kareeb 7,000 baar aata hai. * lekin bahot-se anuvadakon ne bibalon se parmeshvar ka naam nikaal diya aur uski jagah “parmeshvar” ya “prabhu” jaise shabd likh diye.
galatfehmi: sarvashaktiman parmeshvar ko kisi naam ki zaroorat nahin.
sachchai: parmeshvar ne bible likhnevalon ko ubhara ki woh hazaron baar bible mein uska naam likhein. woh chahta hai ki uske sevak uska naam lein. (yashayah 42:8; yoel 2:32; malaki 3:16; romiyon 10:13) jab jhoothe bhavishyavaktaon ne koshish kee ki log parmeshvar ka naam bhool jaayen, to parmeshvar ne unhein fatkara.—yirmayah 23:27.
galatfehmi: hamein yahoodi parampara maanni chahiye aur bible se parmeshvar ka naam nikaal dena chahiye.
sachchai: haalaanki yahoodi shaastri parmeshvar ka naam nahin lete the, lekin unhonne kabhi-bhi parmeshvar ka naam bible se nahin nikala. aur-to-aur parmeshvar nahin chahta ki hum insani paramparaon ki vajah se uski aagyayen tod dein.—matti 15:1-3.
galatfehmi: hum nahin jaante ki ibrani bhasha mein parmeshvar ke naam ka sahi uchcharan kya tha, isliye hamein uska naam nahin lena chahiye.
sachchai: kuch logon ko lagta hai ki parmeshvar chahta hai ki hum chahe koi bhi bhasha bolte hon, hamein uska naam ek hi tarah se lena chahiye. bible se hamein pata chalta hai ki purane zamane mein parmeshvar ke sevak alag-alag bhasha mein alag-alag tarah se logon ka naam lete the.
yahoshoo ki hi baat leejiye jo israeliyon ka ek nyayi tha. shuroo ke maseehi jo ibrani bolte the, woh use yeshua kehte honge. lekin jo yoonani bhasha bolte the, woh use isuas kehte honge. bible mein yahoshoo ke ibrani naam ko yoonani mein bhi likha gaya hai. isse pata chalta hai ki un maseehiyon ne logon ka naam usi tarah liya jis tarah unki bhasha mein liya jaata tha.—preshiton 7:45; ibraniyon 4:8.
parmeshvar ke naam ke uchcharan ke maamle mein bhi hum yah baat yaad rakh sakte hain. parmeshvar ke naam ka sahi uchcharan kya hai, usse zyada zaroori hai ki bible mein un jagahon par parmeshvar ka naam aaye, jahaan use aana chahiye.
^ para. 3 jab william tyndale ne bible ki pehli paanch kitabon ka angrezee mein anuvad kiya, to usne parmeshvar ka naam “yeoova” likha. samay ke chalte angrezee bhasha badalti gayi aur jis tarah parmeshvar ka naam likha jaata tha, woh bhi badal gaya. jaise, 1612 mein henry ainsworth ne bhajan ki kitab ke anuvad mein har jagah “yehova” likha. fir 1639 mein jab usne apne anuvad ka naya sanskaran nikala, to usne “jehovah” likha. san 1901 mein jab american stantard version bible nikali gayi, to usmein bhi anuvadakon ne un sabhi jagahon par “jehovah” likha, jahaan shuroo mein ibrani paath mein parmeshvar ka naam aaya tha.
^ para. 4 new catholic encyclopedia (doosra sanskaran, khand 14, page 833-884) mein likha hai, “baibilon ki bandhuai se lautne ke kuch samay baad, logon ne parmeshvar ka naam ‘yaahve’ lena chhod diya aur use ‘adonai’ ya ‘elohim’ kehne lage.”
^ para. 5 zyada jaankari ke liye pavitra shastra ka nayi duniya anuvad ka atirikt lekh k4 “ibrani shastra mein parmeshvar ka naam” padhein.
^ para. 7 theological lexicon of the old testament, khand 2, page 523-524.
aap shaayad ye bhi dekhna chahein
pavitra shastra se jude savalon ke javab
parmeshvar ke kitne naam hain?
log shaayad sochein parmeshvar ke kai naam hain, jaise alpha aur omega, allah, el-shaddai aur yahova-yire. hum chahe parmeshvar ko kisi bhi naam se pukarein, kya isse koi fark padta hai?