Nyama Zikuluzikulu za M’nyanja

YAMBANI

Nyama Zikuluzikulu za M’nyanja

Nyama inayake yaikulu inatuluka m’nyanja n’kugwira boti kenako inakokera botilo pansi pa nyanja pamodzi ndi anthu amene anali m’botimo ndipo sanapezekenso. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa nthano zambirimbiri zimene anthu akhala akufotokoza kwa zaka zambiri. Koma kodi nyama zazikulu komanso zoopsa chonchi zilipodi?

M’chaka cha 2007, asodzi ena amene ankapha nsomba m’nyanja ya Ross kufupi ndi ku Antarctica anagwira nyama inayake yomwe ili mumtundu waukulu kwambiri wa nyama zotchedwa sikwidi. Nyamayi inali yaitali mamita 10 ndipo inkalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 500. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti nyamayi imakula kuposa pamenepa.

Palinso mtundu wina wa nyama zimenezi womwe ndi waukulunso koma wocheperako pang’ono. Nyamayi ili ndi thupi looneka ngati chubu, maso aakulu ngati mutu wa munthu, mlomo wooneka ngati wa mbalame koma wolimba kwambiri, manja akuluakulu awiri omwe imagwiritsa ntchito kudyera, ndiponso timanja tina ting’onoting’ono tokwana 8. Imathamanga kwambiri mpaka kufika pa liwiro la makilomita 30 pa ola limodzi ndipo imatha kudumphira m’mwamba kwambiri.

M’zaka 100 zapitazi, ndi nyama zosakwana 50 zokha za mtundu umenewu zimene anthu aonapo. Ndipo asayansi sadziwa zambiri zokhudza nyamazi chifukwa amaziphunzira zitaphedwa kale.

Anangumi Akuluakulu a M’nyanja

Nyama zikuluzikulu zimene tafotokozazi ndi ndiwo chabe kwa mtundu winawake wa nangumi. Nangumi ameneyu amatha kutalika mamita 20 ndiponso kulemera matani 50. Ndipo dzino lake limodzi lokha limalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi. Anangumi ena atafa anapezeka ndi nyama zikuluzikulu zimenezi m’mimba mwawo. Anangumiwa analinso ndi zipsera m’mutu mwawo, kusonyeza kuti panali kulimbana asanadye nyamazo. M’chaka cha 1965, anthu ena opha anangumi a ku Soviet Union ananena kuti anaona nangumi wina wolemera matani 40 akumenyana ndi sikwidi. Nyama ziwiri zonsezi zinafa pa ndewuyi. Nangumiyo anapezeka akuyandama m’nyanja atapotokoledwa khosi ndipo m’mimba mwake munapezeka mutu wa nyama imene amamenyana nayoyo.

Koma pali mtundu winanso wa anangumi womwe ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa nyama iliyonse padziko lapansi. Nangumi wamkulu kwambiri kuposa onse amene anagwidwapo, anagwidwa ku Antarctica ndipo anali wamtali mamita 33. Anangumi otere amatha kulemera matani 150. Lilime lokha limatha kulemera ngati njovu imodzi yaikulu. Amathanso kubereka mwana wolemera matani atatu ndipo mwanayo amakhala wamtali mamita 7 kapena 8. M’zaka za m’ma 1960 anangumiwa anatsala pang’ono kutha ndipo panopa anaikidwa m’gulu la nyama zimene zatsala pang’ono kutheratu.

Nyama Yoopsa Ndiponso Ina Yofatsa

Pali mtundu wina wa shaki womwe ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo umakhala woyererapo. Shaki imeneyi ndi nsomba yoopsa kwambiri pa nsomba zonse zimene zimadya nyama. Nsombayi ili ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri okwana 3,000. Shaki yaikulu kwambiri yomwe anthu anayamba aigwirapo inali yolemera makilogalamu 3,200 ndipo inali yaitali mamita 7. Nsomba imeneyi imamva fungo kwambiri moti ikhoza kumva fungo la dontho limodzi la magazi ngakhale litasungunulidwa m’madzi ochuluka malita 100.

Pali mtundu winanso wa shaki womwe ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa nsomba zonse. Nsomba imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yaitali pafupifupi mamita 8. Zina zimatalika kuposa pamenepa mpaka kufika mamita 15. Ili ndi mlomo wautali kupitirira mita imodzi ndipo itha kumeza munthu wathunthu. Koma nsomba imeneyi ndi yofatsa kwambiri ndipo m’malo modya nyama zina zikuluzikulu, imadya tomera ting’onoting’ono komanso nsomba zina zing’onozing’ono.

Magazini ina inati: “Shaki imeneyi ikameza chinthu chachikulu, chinthucho sichigayika. N’kutheka kuti nsomba imeneyi ndi imene inameza Yona.” (National Geographic) Apa magaziniyi inkanena za nkhani ya m’Baibulo ya mneneri Yona, yemwe anamezedwa ndi chinsomba chachikulu. Nsombayi ndi “yofatsa kwambiri ndipo ikameza chinthu chachikulu mwangozi, chomwe chingavute kugaya, imachilavula popanda kuchivulaza.”—Yona 1:17; 2:10.

Nyama Yaikulu Koma Yamanyazi

Pali nyama inanso yam’madzi yaikulu kwambiri yotchedwa okutopasi. Mtundu waukulu wa nyama zimenezi umatha kulemera makilogalamu okwana 250. Anthu ena kale nyamayi ankaitcha kuti “nsomba ya mdyerekezi,” chifukwa choganiza kuti imachititsa ngozi za sitima zam’madzi. Komabe, nyamayi ndi yamanyazi ndipo imakonda kubisala m’miyala ndi m’mapanga a pansi pa madzi. Manja ake alipo 8 ndipo ndi aatali kwambiri mpaka kufika mamita 10. Komanso nyamayi ndi ili ndi ubongo waukulu kwambiri kuposa nyama zonse zopanda mafupa. Choncho, nyamayi ndi yanzeru kwambiri ndipo imatha kuphunzira zinthu zovuta monga kulondola njira popanda kusochera komanso kutsegula chivindikiriro cha botolo.

Mofanana ndi nyama yotchedwa sikwidi ija, nyamayi imatha kusintha mtundu wake, kuthamanga kwambiri m’madzi kapena kutulutsa inki n’cholinga choti adani ake asaione. Nyamayi imatha kutuluka m’madzi n’kupita kumtunda kwa kanthawi kochepa kuti ikasake chakudya.

Yehova amatamandidwa chifukwa cha nyama zikuluzikulu zam’madzi zimenezi. N’chifukwa chake munthu wina amene analemba nawo buku la m’Baibulo la Masalmo anaimba kuti: “Lemekezani Yehova kuchokera ku dziko lapansi, zinsomba inu, ndi malo ozama onse.”—Salmo 148:7.

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ZIMAKULA KUFIKA PATI?

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

Shaki yoyererapo

Okutopasi

Nangumi

Sikwidi yaikulu*

Sikwidi yaikulu kwambiri*

*kukula koyerekezera

Nangumi

Nangumi wamkulu

mafiti 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

mamita 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

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Shaki yoyererapo

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Okutopasi

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Nangumi

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Shaki yaikulu

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Nangumi wamkulu ndi mwana wake

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GALAMUKANI!